In the education systems of England , Northern Ireland , Wales and some other Commonwealth countries, sixth form sometimes referred to as Key Stage 5 represents the final years of secondary education high school , where students typically between 16 and 18 years of age prepare for their A-level or equivalent examinations.

The term sixth form describes the school years numbered 12 and 13, which are called the Lower Sixth L6 and Upper Sixth U6 by many schools.

The term survives from an earlier system when the first five years of English secondary schooling were known as forms which would originally have been long backless benches on which rows of pupils sat in the classroom.

Pupils started their first year of secondary school in the first form or first year , and this was the academic year in which pupils would normally become 12 years of age.

Pupils would move up a form each year before entering the fifth form in the academic year in which they would have their sixteenth birthday. Those who stayed on at school to study for A-levels moved up into the sixth form, which was divided into the Lower Sixth and the Upper Sixth.

In some private schools, the term Middle Sixth was used in place of Upper Sixth, with the latter being used for those who stayed on for an extra term to take the entrance examinations that were previously set for candidates to Oxford or Cambridge universities.

The system was changed for the — academic year and school years are now numbered consecutively from primary school onwards. Year 1 is the first year of primary school after Reception.

The first year of secondary school the old first form is now known as Year 7. However, the term "Sixth Form" has still been retained as a vestige of the old system and is used as a collective term for Years 12 and Public fee-charging schools , along with some state schools , tend to use the old system of numbering.

In some parts of the country, special sixth form colleges were introduced beginning in a particularly important phase of student life.

A large proportion of English secondary schools no longer have an integral sixth form. This is mainly related to reforms in the later 20th century, where different political areas became a factor in the introduction of colleges instead of the original sixth forms.

There are now numerous sixth form colleges throughout England and Wales, and in areas without these, sixth form schools and specialist further education FE colleges called tertiary colleges may fill the same role.

Sixth form is not compulsory in England and Wales although from onwards, people of sixth form age must remain in some form of education or training in England only, the school leaving age remains 16 in Wales ; however, university entrance normally requires at least three A2-level qualifications and perhaps one AS-level.

Three subjects are then carried into the A2 year the dropped AS being "cashed in" as a qualification and further exams are taken at the end of that year.

In Northern Ireland, the equivalent of Reception is "P1", and the equivalent of the English Year 1 "P2", while the first year of secondary school is known as Year 8 or first year rather than Year 7 as in England , and following that Lower and Upper Sixth are Year 13 and Year 14 respectively.

In the Scottish education system, the final year of school is known as Sixth Year or S6. It is not essential for candidates to do a sixth year if they wish to attend a Scottish university, as they have obtained adequate Higher grades in S5 they may apply and receive acceptance, but this is conditional on being successful in the examinations.

However, the vast majority of Scottish students return for S6 if they plan to attend university. Some English universities will also accept Scottish students who have obtained adequate Higher grades in S5.

In the English-speaking Caribbean, there are many sixth form colleges, usually attached to secondary schools. Students that fail these exams are not accepted into the sixth form program and either can do courses in other tertiary facilities, or begin working with high school degrees.

After sixth form, students are presented with an Associate Degree. Scotland does not, in general, have separate sixth form colleges or, indeed, the same concept of the terminal two years of secondary education as being distinct from the other time spent there ; as such, Scottish students who opt to remain in full-time education will typically remain in the same school for fifth and sixth year the equivalent to the English lower- and upper-sixth forms , studying Higher Grade and Advanced Higher qualifications.

Higher Grade qualifications can be taken in both the fifth and sixth years. The first comprehensive intake sixth form college in England was established in Mexborough, South Yorkshire, and took its first intake of students in September Since then sixth form colleges have spread across the UK and have proved popular with students, their parents, and other groups in the community.

Until , these colleges were controlled and funded by local education authorities LEAs , but the Further and Higher Education Act transferred all institutions within the sector to the Further Education Funding Council for England FEFC , a national agency with strategic responsibility for the operation of general further education FE colleges.

There are also some sixth form colleges in the independent sector, specialising in A levels for which fees are paid; these are unconnected with the SFCA.

In Wales, sixth form education falls under the remit of the Welsh Assembly , and sixth form colleges are sources of further education alongside FE Colleges and sixth forms integrated into secondary schools.

They typically offer the Welsh Baccalaureate and Key Skills qualifications. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on 20 July Education in the United Kingdom.

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Three subjects are then carried into the A2 year the dropped AS being "cashed in" as a qualification and further exams are taken at the end of that year.

In Northern Ireland, the equivalent of Reception is "P1", and the equivalent of the English Year 1 "P2", while the first year of secondary school is known as Year 8 or first year rather than Year 7 as in England , and following that Lower and Upper Sixth are Year 13 and Year 14 respectively.

In the Scottish education system, the final year of school is known as Sixth Year or S6. It is not essential for candidates to do a sixth year if they wish to attend a Scottish university, as they have obtained adequate Higher grades in S5 they may apply and receive acceptance, but this is conditional on being successful in the examinations.

However, the vast majority of Scottish students return for S6 if they plan to attend university. Some English universities will also accept Scottish students who have obtained adequate Higher grades in S5.

It was announced in December that, as from , UCAS will increase the number of points awarded to those who achieve Highers and Advanced Highers.

In some cases, particularly in independent schools, the term sixth form is also used for the last two years of secondary education. An increasing number of independent schools are offering their students the International Baccalaureate Programme.

Students prepare to sit the Sijil Tinggi Persekolahan Malaysia at the end of the years. Similarly, the term sixth form is also used to define the final two years of education before entering university in Malta.

In Singapore, however, the equivalent of a sixth form college would be called a junior college , where pupils take their Cambridge GCE A-levels after two years.

Prior to the s, these two years were known as "Pre-University" Pre-U 1 and 2. It is the equivalent of twelfth grade in the US education system.

Year 13 was known as seventh form. In Brunei , sixth form comprises Year 12 and 13, which may also be referred to as Lower and Upper Six.

Sixth form is not compulsory, but a preferable choice for students wishing to continue in academic studies leading to university level.

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Instead of A Level subjects, students generally learn subjects pertaining to Islamic knowledge in Arabic medium. They may then proceed to Islamic universities, locally or abroad such as Al-Azhar University.

In the English-speaking Caribbean, there are many sixth form colleges, usually attached to secondary schools. Students that fail these exams are not accepted into the sixth form program and either can do courses in other tertiary facilities, or begin working with high school degrees.

After sixth form, students are presented with an Associate Degree. Scotland does not, in general, have separate sixth form colleges or, indeed, the same concept of the terminal two years of secondary education as being distinct from the other time spent there ; as such, Scottish students who opt to remain in full-time education will typically remain in the same school for fifth and sixth year the equivalent to the English lower- and upper-sixth forms , studying Higher Grade and Advanced Higher qualifications.

Higher Grade qualifications can be taken in both the fifth and sixth years. The first comprehensive intake sixth form college in England was established in Mexborough, South Yorkshire, and took its first intake of students in September Since then sixth form colleges have spread across the UK and have proved popular with students, their parents, and other groups in the community.

Until , these colleges were controlled and funded by local education authorities LEAs , but the Further and Higher Education Act transferred all institutions within the sector to the Further Education Funding Council for England FEFC , a national agency with strategic responsibility for the operation of general further education FE colleges.

There are also some sixth form colleges in the independent sector, specialising in A levels for which fees are paid; these are unconnected with the SFCA.

In Wales, sixth form education falls under the remit of the Welsh Assembly , and sixth form colleges are sources of further education alongside FE Colleges and sixth forms integrated into secondary schools.

They typically offer the Welsh Baccalaureate and Key Skills qualifications. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved on 20 July Education in the United Kingdom.

England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales. Retrieved from " https: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from June Views Read Edit View history.

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